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Nobel prize in chemistry 2021

 

Nobel prize in chemistry 2021

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry will be awarded in 2021 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Benjamin List from Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany and David W.C. MacMillan from Princeton University, USA for the for the development of “asymmetric organocatalysis”.



An ingenious tool for building molecules

Molecule construction is a challenging skill to master. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021 was awarded to Benjamin List and David MacMillan in 2021 for their creation of organocatalysis, a precise new technique for molecular assembly. This would have a significant influence on medicinal chemistry, as well as making chemistry more environmentally friendly. Chemists' capacity to synthesize molecules that can produce elastic and durable materials, store energy in batteries, or limit disease development is critical in many study fields

Catalysts, which are chemicals that regulate and accelerate chemical processes without becoming part of the final product, are required for this task. Catalysts in automobiles, for example, convert hazardous chemicals in exhaust gases into innocuous ones. Enzymes, which carve out the molecules required for life, are among the millions of catalysts found in our biology.

Catalysts are therefore essential tools for chemists, but scientists previously assumed that there were only two types of catalysts: metals and enzymes. Benjamin List and David MacMillan will share the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2021 for developing a third form of catalysis independently in 2000. Asymmetric organocatalysis is based on tiny organic molecules and is known as asymmetric organocatalysis.

Organic catalysts have a stable carbon atom framework to which additional active chemical elements can be attached. Common elements like oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, and phosphorus are frequently found in these. As a result, these catalysts are both ecologically benign and inexpensive to manufacture.

Organic catalysts have become increasingly popular due to their ability to promote asymmetric catalysis. When molecules are formed, scenarios frequently arise in which two separate molecules develop that are mirror images of one other, exactly like our hands. Chemists usually only need one of these, especially when making medications.

Because of their potential to induce asymmetric catalysis, organic catalysts have grown in popularity. When molecules form, it's not uncommon for two different molecules to form that are mirror copies of one another, just like our hands. When producing drugs, chemists normally only need one of them.

 


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